Protein Synthesis: Transcription + Translation

Description

A two-phase animation of the central dogma. Phase 1 shows transcription inside the nucleus: DNA unzips and mRNA is synthesized. Phase 2 shows translation at the ribosome: tRNA delivers amino acids matching mRNA codons and the protein chain elongates.

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Phases

#	Phase Name	Duration	Description
1	Overview	3s	Central dogma equation fades in: DNA → mRNA → Protein
2	Transcription Setup	4s	Nucleus shown, DNA double helix visible inside
3	DNA Unzips	5s	DNA strands separate, showing template strand
4	mRNA Synthesis	7s	mRNA strand builds alongside DNA, growing codon by codon
5	mRNA Exits	3s	mRNA exits the nucleus toward the ribosome
6	Ribosome Appears	3s	Ribosome attaches to mRNA
7	Translation	10s	tRNAs bring amino acids one by one, peptide chain grows
8	Protein Complete	4s	Completed protein chain labeled, ribosome releases
9	Summary	3s	Final labels visible

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Layout

+------------------------------------------------------+
|  Protein Synthesis: Transcription + Translation      |
|                                                      |
|  Phase 1: NUCLEUS                                    |
|  +---------------------------+                       |
|  |  DNA: ||||||||||||        |                       |
|  |  mRNA:==========→        |                       |
|  +---------------------------+                       |
|                    ↓ mRNA exits                      |
|  Phase 2: CYTOPLASM                                  |
|  [Ribosome] reads [mRNA]                             |
|  tRNA: [AA]→[AA]→[AA]→ ... protein chain            |
|                                                      |
|  DNA → mRNA → Protein                                |
+------------------------------------------------------+

Area Descriptions

• Upper half: nucleus with DNA and mRNA synthesis
• Lower half: cytoplasm with ribosome and growing protein chain
• Bottom: central dogma equation

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Assets & Dependencies

• Fonts: LaTeX / sans-serif
• Manim version: ManimCE 0.19.1

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Notes

• DNA strands: blue lines with colored base dots
• mRNA: orange strand with codon letters (UUU, AUG, GCA, etc.)
• Ribosome: two gray ellipses (large and small subunit)
• tRNA: green triangle/wedge shape with anticodon and amino acid on top
• Protein chain: colored circles connected by lines, one per codon
• Nucleus boundary: dashed circle